Explain Benthams Utilitarianism

Explain Benthams Utiliarianism (30 marks) The theory of utilitarianism was put forward entierly by Jeremy Bentham, who wrote about Ethics and Politics. He was a social reformer keen to improve the lives of the working class. Many of the improvements made in the treatments of criminals in the 18th and 19th centuries were the results of Benthems ethics. Bentham believed that which is good is that which equals the greatest sum of pleasure and the least sum of pain. (Hedonism). We can divide his theory into three parts: His view on what drove human beings, and what goodness and badness was all about. ( The motivation of human beings)The principle of utility, which is his moral ruleThe hedonic calculus, which is his system for measuring how good or bad the consequence is.The motivation of human beingsBentham maintained that human beings were motivated by pleasure and pain, and so he can be called a hedonist. He said, in principles of morals and legislation, ‘nature has placed mankin d underthe governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do' The principle of utilityOnce Bentham had established that pleasure and pain were important qualities for determining what was moral, he developed the utility principle. The rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its ‘utility' or usefulness, Usefulness refers to the amound of pleasure or happiness caused by the action – hence it is a teleogical ethical theory which determines a good act by the ends it brings about. The theory is known as the greatest happiness principle, or a theory of usefulness.‘An action is right if it produces th greatest good for the greatest number', where the greatest good is the greatest pleasure or happiness and the least pain or sadness, and the greatest number are the majority of people. When faced with a moral dilemma, Bentham argued that one should chose an act in such a way that brings about the maximum possible happiness for the most people. However the possible consequences of different possible actions must be measured clearly to establish which option generates he most pleasure and the least pain. To measure the results, Bentham proposed the hedonic calculus This calculus was  supposed to measure the amounts of pleasure and pain according to seven factors. The seven factors1. Intensity: How intense is the pleasure or pain? 2. Duration: How long does the pleasure or pain last? 3. Certainty: What is the probability that the pleasure or pain will occur? 4. Propinquity or remoteness: How far off in the future is the pleasure or pain? 5. Fecundity: What is the probability that the pleasure will lead to other pleasures 6. Purity: What is the probability that the pain will lead to other pains 7. Extent: How many persons are affected by the pleasure?In the hedonic calculus. Benthem considers how strong the pain or pleasure is, whether it i s short lived or life long and how likely it is that there will be pain or pleasure. He considers how immediate the pain or pleasure is and how likely it is to lead to more of the same, the extent to which there might be a combination of pains and pleasures, and lastly the number of people affected. The balance of pleasures and pains is compared with those of other options and the best result determined. The action that leads to this best consequence is the morally correct one to pursue.

Arroz Con Coco

Arroz Con Coco There are lots and lots of Hispanic type foods. What’s your favorite Hispanic type food? Mines is the famous â€Å"arroz con coco†. A lot of people love that dish. Now let me tell you why I love it so much. Before I start explaining my reasons, I bet your thinking†¦ What the heck is â€Å"arroz con coco†? Well basically it is just â€Å"rice with coconut†. Yes, coconut weird combination I know. But I’m used to it; I’ve been eating it since I was like born.I guess that’s why I love it so much. My grandma makes it the best. To me no one can do it as good as she does. Arroz con coco is just made up of two cups of coconut milk (either fresh or canned), two cups of long-grain rice, one teaspoon of salt, five ounces of Panela or†¦ just eight tbsp. of raw cane sugar, four cups of water and finally 1/3 cup of raisins(optional). All that make up a being plate of deliciousness.Off the Caribbean coast, Colombia, Venezuela , Panama, and Puerto Rico. Arroz con coco is a typical side dish for fries. But make it a little different. It is also served in places like Thailand and southern regions of India. But of course every country does it there own special way. In my family they cook arroz con coco every gathering, every holiday, occasion, everything. And everybody loves it. You should try it someday, if not your going to miss out on a lot .

Business Correspondence Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Correspondence Portfolio - Essay Example I have observed from your company brochure related to the product that the desired software package includes 4 different components, amid which Grammar Buster is one. In this regard, in order to finalize a purchase decision related to the stated software package, I would be requiring a quotation exemplifying the cost that would incurred for the 10 software packages. In addition, I would also like to gain certain amount of idea about your technical support services which you provide after the sales. I would be expecting information related to the timing of availability related to the technical support services and any other special features that need to be noted. Thus, it would be great if you can include an additional attachment regarding your technical support services with the quotation. An early reply from your end is highly solicited. Thank you. Sincerely, Emma Chaney PERSUASIVE LETTER Gomke Software Company Sales Personnel 340 Main Indianapolis, IN 46200 July 7, 2013 Emma Chaney Director of Purchasing for Clay Corporation 1340 Miller Street Jackson, MI 12345 Dear Emma Chaney: In response to your earlier letter, I would like to convey that Mr. Daniel Harrison, head of the Accounting Department has responded to your requirement for quotation which stands as follows: The final sales offer for software: 10 software packages = $4,000 12 software packages = $4,800 In this regard, I would like to point out that there is an exclusive offer made to you along with this quotation, which signifies that there will be a 20 percent discount if you make purchase of 12 software packages from us. Thus, the revised cost of 12 software packages would be $3,840. I believe that this can be a great opportunity for to avail such discounts if you desire to purchase more packages of this highly sought-after software package. I would deeply like to regard your concerns regarding the technical support of our company and want to state that the technical assistance provided by our comp any is 100% genuine and you can get any kind of assistance at any point of time as we provide 24/7 technical assistance. Thus, I would be expecting your reply in relation to this letter and would like to state that the best date for closing this deal would be before 10/7/2013. And, on the behalf of my company, we are looking forward to maintaining a long-term mutually beneficial business association with you. I am not attaching any enclosure form with this letter. Sincerely, ABC Salesperson, Gomke Software Company BAD NEWS LETTER Date: 14/July/2013 Dear Miss. Chaney: I would like to firstly acknowledge that we are extremely pleased to receive your voice message stating that you have agreed to our offer of increasing your order to 12 software packages. However, in this context, I would like to regretfully inform you that a grave mistake has been committed from our part for which I deeply apologize. The earlier quotation that was sent to you had certain misrepresentations due to overs ight on behalf of our company with regard to the current sales processes of the company. The company no longer sells a 4-pack of software. Instead, the Mark III Grammar Buster is now available only with the purchase of 5-pack, which I personally was not aware of. As per the revised calculations, the total cost on making the purchase of the 5-pack software package would be $4,406. And, unfortunately, the cost of the purchase order

Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Statement Example In my senior year, I was the top 300th best student out of nearly 20,000 students in the whole city at that level. In my class, I am one of the best in Physics, Math, and Chemistry. Apart from my academics, my teachers also acknowledged my leadership skills, so the chairman of instructors chose me to be the class monitor for three years. This position is an important one since I was in charge of helping other students manage their academic life. This may be equivalent to a student senator in US schools. Armed with a stellar academic background and being very interested in the sciences, I intend to pursue a major in Electrical Engineering from the University of California (UCLA or UCB). My interest in Engineering pushes me to read books on this subject. I can say I have invested much of my time and savings in buying books or borrowing science-related books from the library. Since I was very young, my dream was to be a scientist because of my interest in machines. The first time I expe rienced flying on an airplane, I was amazed at the gigantic aircraft that could bring me to various places. I wondered how it worked and at that time, I knew I fell in love with engineering! This passion for engineering was fueled by my early experiences in tinkering with machines in my father’s business. ... In order to do so, I need to acquire expertise from a superb university which will equip me with the necessary knowledge and skills I will need in my future career. Hence, I chose the University of California. I want to learn more about machines so I can work hands-on in our family business when I take over someday. I could study in a good university in China so I can continue working for my father’s business while I do so, but I felt I needed something more. The educational system in China, sad to say, is just bent on making students learn things to pass tests. It emphasizes theoretical knowledge but lacks practical training. I know that I will get both in the best American university. My family and educational background have aptly prepared me in the pursuit of my dream to become a future engineer. With my practical, hands-on experience with machines and my avid interest in the sciences, I believe I have the tools to learn more, and the potential to be a successful graduate that the University of California will be proud to produce. Prompt #2. Tell us about a personal quality, talent, accomplishment, contribution or experience that is important to you. What about this quality or accomplishment makes you proud and how does it relate to the person you are? I am proud of the way my parents supported and raised me to be a responsible person who is always on the lookout for new things to learn. Although China is known for authoritarian child-rearing, my parents have always respected me as a person and encouraged my interests. They allowed me the freedom to discover things on my own and did not reprimand me for making mistakes. Hence, I developed a love for learning, which I believe will be a lifelong quality I will cherish about

Signal Processing and Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Signal Processing and Communication - Essay Example I feel that as our next-door neighbors, India and China, have experienced in recent years, information technology is one of the most important triggers of economic and social development. My personal conviction is that I can give my family and my country a better future by pursuing this vocational path. I was attracted to your University because your graduate program in engineering enjoys a positive reputation in my country. Your modern research facilities, qualified faculty, and industrial partnerships with some of the most well-known companies in the world made me think that studying at the University of Delaware will give me the competence and flexibility I need to excel in such a vast and rapidly changing field. I plan to undertake research and coursework in Electrical Engineering to enhance my competencies in this field, with the goal of completing a Master's degree in your University. I am most interested in going more deeply into the field of electrical and electronic control systems, and signal processing and communications (SPC). I have been fascinated by this field, which has made possible many of the technological wonders that are benefiting so many people in the world. SPC has allowed better and greater communication, improving human and cultural relationships within nations and across continents, helping economies grow and escape from poverty, and opening up new business opportunities for young people like me who dream of a brighter future for us all. I have checked the University's website (UD, 2006) and was attracted by the ongoing research areas, most specifically digital imaging and communications, wireless communications, and image and video digital signatures. I realize that once I get accepted, I will have to be more specific with my choices, but this is something I hope to finalize as I learn more about the potentials of the different areas of research. What I appreciate most is having a wide range to choose from and having an idea of what to expect when I (hopefully) get there. I believe that becoming part of a research team in your University will help me influence the future in a positive way. Are there special circumstances related to your academic record that you feel we should know about I completed my Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering from the Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology in Bangladesh. I did very well in my courses in (here, you can list down 4 or 5 courses, or maybe even more, where you got the best marks, e.g., Calculus, Physics, Electronics Communications, Signal Processing, and Engineering Electives in Analog Electronics and Engineering Electromagnetics). I had excellent professors (it might be good to mention if one of them graduated from a U.S. university, or maybe even the University of Delaware) who taught us very well and motivated us to excel. I did not do as well in two subjects (here you can give an explanation of subjects where you received low marks),

Free speech, privacy and censorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Free speech, privacy and censorship - Essay Example The advent of the Internet opened new possibilities for achieving free speech using steps that do not depend on legal measures. Pseudonymity and data havens (such as Freenet) gives rise to free speech, as the technology guarantees that material cannot be erased (censored). A Gripe Site, in theory is one of the latest forms of exercising Free Speech on the Internet. It is worth mentioning in this regard that websites, which fall foul of government censors in other countries, are more often than not re-hosted on a server in a country with no such bindings. Fact that the United States has in many respects the least restrictive governmental policies in the world on freedom of speech, number of websites re-host their content on an American server and therefore escape censorship while remaining online to their target audience. The Chinese government has come up with some of the most sophisticated forms of Internet censorship in order to minimize or eliminate access to information on sensitive topics such as the Tibet, Taiwan, pornography or democracy. Censorship can be defined as the control of forms of human expression. More often than not, it is implemented by the government. The main objective of censorship is to stabilize or improve the society that the government would have control over. It is worth noting that censorship generally applicable to acts that occur in public circumstances, and most formally involves the suppression of ideas by regulating expression (3). Moreover, discussion of censorship often includes less formal means of controlling perceptions by excluding various ideas from mass communication. Therefore, what is censored may range from particular word to entire concept but one thing for sure it is influenced by value systems. The Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy came into the limelight when twelve editorial cartoons, most of which depicted the Islamic prophet Muhammad, were published in the Danish newspaper on September 30, 2005, which they said they were doing as part of a debate regarding criticism of Islam and self- censorship. It is worth pointing in this regard that the rationale for censorship is different for various types of data censored. Religious censorship is the route by which any material objectionable to a certain faith and religion is erased. More often than not this type of censorship involves a dominant religion forcing limitations on less dominant ones. Alternatively, one religion may stop the works of another when they believe the content is not appropriate for their religion. In the same way religious groups have often sought to censor scientific facts or fictional works which they think undermine or threaten their beliefs. Privacy can be defined as the ability of an individual or group to keep their lives and personal affairs out from public view, or to stop information about themselves from becoming known to people other than those whom they decide to give the information. There is a direct correlation between privacy and anonymity although it is often most highly valued by people who are publicly known (4). According to experts, privacy can be seen in the light of security-one in which trade-off between the interests of one group and another can become particularly visible. Recently, famous English footballer Ashley

Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fashion - Essay Example The statement by Quentin Tarantino is noteworthy. He says, ‘the mark of any good action movie is that when you get through seeing it, you want to dress like the character.’ In this respect cinema’s role is not just promoting but also regulating customer culture. and /or the star persona, how they quote or appropriate from earlier films, how they relate to haute couture, say or drag shows. Often, the cinema looses depth by not being better connected to what audience members were wearing or wanted to wear. Thus the book provides invaluable insights to the new theorizing of costume in cinema. While discussing on the role of costumes in cinema it is worth mentioning the essay in Invisible Fashions by Akbar Abbas, who talks about the way in which certain types of theory can themselves become fashionable. (Wollen). â€Å"Clothes can primarily be considered as bearers of social identity and weaving, an approach which originate in the post modern discursive field where cultural studies meet semiotics.† (Wollen). It is quite noteworthy that clothes are intimately related to wearers and their bodies of course, but they also have their own qualities and identity simply as clothes. In every day life, clothes are a crucial element in the self presentation of specific wearers, along with their gestures, deportment, language, lifestyle etc. When we encounter them in shops and when they are not being worn they are disembodied abstracted from specific use. Hence, clothes have to be granted a niche of their own, a right to be considered autonomously as well designed, original, i ngenious and even beautiful. To this fact, I could relate fashion that has emerged as a separate entity which has changed the whole direction of male fashion. Fashion, has its own history and its involvement of the interaction between designer and client or consumer has launched many a choice. Whether directly or indirectly, patterns

The Treatment Of Men During Slavery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Treatment Of Men During Slavery - Essay Example Slaves in the ancient Roman Empire consisted mostly of prisoners of war, captives sold by pirates, or even children of Romans in penury who had been sold. The slaves were engaged in farming, businesses, working for private households, and in the construction of infrastructure for public use including aqueducts, bridges, roads etc. It was common for the owners to treat the slaves cruelly, and even kill them and not be punished for it. But some slave masters were also kind and considerate to their slaves (Nardo) as indicated by the saturnalia festival which was an occasion for the slaves and masters to be thankful to each other and enjoyed peaceful time together. Also, a hallmark of Roman slavery as compared to the modern variety was manumission or the formal release from slavery by the owner. Contrasting the ancient system of slavery in Rome with the system that existed until the end of the 19th century in the Americas, in particular North America, the glaring difference was that the latter was based mainly on race. Marysue Andreozzi The import of slaves from Africa to America began mainly due to the shortage of labor. And the blacks were believed to be hard workers. Furthermore, the practice did not meet with any religious disapproval either, since the Church law did not prohibit black slavery. Thus began slavery with racist overtones. Gradually, the slaves themselves became a trade commodity. Thus, what began as a need to overcome shortage of labor became the means to acquire more wealth (McKay et al., 2008). It is believed that in a span of a little more than 300 years (between 1500 A.D. and mid 1800 A.D.), around 12 million black slaves from Africa to the Western Hemisphere. A first-hand account of the harrowing life of the slaves aboard the ship on their voyage from Africa to America has been given by Alexander Falconbridge (1788) who was the British surgeon on four of those voyages. As mentioned in the narrative, the blacks who refused to eat had their lip s almost scorched by red-hot coal that was brought on a shovel very close to their lips and also issued dire threats that they would be made to swallow the embers if they continued to resist eating food. The author mentions that he heard of a captain pouring molten lead on some slaves who obstinately refused to eat (p. 23). On the voyages Falconbridge saw that the Blacks were provided extremely uncomfortable accommodation on the half deck with planks to sleep on. Lying on the bare planks caused their skin and in even flesh of the emaciated men to get rubbed off from their shoulders, hips and elbows due to the constant motion of the ship (p. 28). Exercise being deemed necessary to keep the slaves healthy, they were forcibly made to dance on the deck even in foul weather when it was difficult to be on the deck. They were flogged if they showed any reluctance or were not Marysue Andreozzi active (p. 23). On longer voyages such as from the coast of Guinea to the West Indies, the food ra tion was very small, which led to quarrels among the slaves (Falconbridge, 1788, p.22). Also, the allowance of water was restricted to about half a pint per head per meal. The life of the slaves once they reached the shores of America became just a shade better. They were housed in slave pens a description of which has been provided by Abdy

The market and Krispy Kreme Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The market and Krispy Kreme - Essay Example The paper tells that a worldwide doughnut company was born in an old building on July 13, 1937. Krispy Kreme was established in Winston-Salem, North Carolina by Vernon Rudolph. Then just a store, Krispy Kreme used a classified recipe for yeast-raised doughnuts. Because of the very appealing aroma of freshly cooked doughnuts, mere passers-by would inquire to ask if they can have an order of the freshly cooked treat. With such request from customers, Rudolph then put a hole on an outside wall of the store to make the fresh and hot Krispy Kreme doughnut more accessible to its buyers. Most of the time, it is the product’s consistency whether in taste or in quality that appears to be the problem. Krispy Kreme is not an exemption to this inconsistency. For the company to be able to hurdle over this hindrance in quality, Krispy Kreme constructed a mixing plant and a distributing system that will deliver the perfect Krispy Kreme doughnut mix. The company did not just bring an original yeast-raised doughnut to the market but also a technology that will increase product consistency in its stores. The 1940s and 50s were the decades that Rudolph and his equipment engineers created Krispy Kreme’s own doughnut-making machineries. Even if the company was just starting to expand its market across the state, it was pretty obvious that Vernon Rudolph cared about the quality of the products that his company will be giving out to its market. This proves that the company is putting their customers first and not just the amount of money the company can make. As long as the customers are happy, the satisfaction that the doughnuts are bringing to its patrons will equate to the company’s well-earned income. The quality consistency hurdle was surpassed by the company. Although, it was considered as a challenge since Krispy Kreme was just starting its ground on broader market, the problem was properly addressed by Rudolph and a contingency plan was made to ensure tha t the public and the patrons of the products will get the quality products that they deserve. Delivering the mixture on a daily basis increased the expenses of the company. To cut the expenses being brought by the regular transportation of the mixture, Rudolph together with his equipment engineers developed Krispy Kreme’s own doughnut-making machineries. It was a wise marketing strategy in ensuring the quality of the products that are being produced by the different stores and still be able to achieve the desired profit out of the stores. A decade was dedicated to further develop and systematize the whole doughnut-making process (KrispyKreme.Com, 2009; David & Musa, 2008, p. 26). The first international Krispy Kreme store was opened on December 2001 in Canada near Toronto. The company further expanded its market to Australia and Europe in 2003. Asia, Southern America and the Middle East were the next markets that the doughnut company explored. Krispy Kreme Doughnuts (KKD) was able to expand their markets in 5 continents in less than a decade. KKD has a total of 123 stores in 5 continents by the 28th of January 2007. Two hundred thirty nine KKD factory stores and 33 satellite stores were operating giving a total of 272 stores nationwide (KrispyKreme.Com, 2009; David & Musa, 2008, p. 27). KKD then focused more on the markets in Asia and the Middle East. Demographically, KKD perceives that these 2 locations will be more favorable for its products. Asia and the Middle East have high consumptions of sweet goods which will work pretty well for the company’s signature products. It has also been noted that Western products have high popularity in these Eastern locations. The future success of KKD in these places given the fore mentioned facts appears to be very promising (David & Musa, 2008, p. 27). The Asian and Middle East markets is showing very good potential with regards to KKD’s success. There is one market that the company

Emotional, Moral and Physical Changes Essay Example for Free

Emotional, Moral and Physical Changes Essay Adolescence is the name given to the period in the life of human beings between the ages of twelve and eighteen years. It is during the period of adolescence that a human being matures from a child to an adult, usually in both the physical as well as psychological sense of the word. That being said, it follows that this is the time in one’s life when one goes through the most numerous and major changes in terms of cognitive, social, physical, emotional and moral development (Turning Points). This article deals with explaining these changes along with relevant examples as well as enumerating options as to and what might be done within an out-of-school care program to accommodate those changes. Adolescence plays a major role in shaping the future of individuals as the decisions and choices that they make while steering through this phase in life are critical in shaping the people that they become in the future (Turning Points). This leads to the conclusion that this developmental stage is the most critical to the development of the individual going through it as well as the larger society that he or she is a part of. Subsequently, growing adolescents have unique learning needs as each person is different and unique from the other, not only in terms of physical appearance such as their face or body but also in terms of their psychological personality. Each person has different strengths, weaknesses, abilities, disabilities, talents and learning potential which needs due attention, especially during this growing stage. The academic years of adolescence are centered on middle school and thus middle schools should ideally be required to provide a secure and compassionate environment so as to develop the talents and strengths of, teach optimal usage of weaknesses and value each individual adolescent that they work for. In the following paragraphs, we will proceed to analyze the changes that adolescents go through. It is critical to note that all adolescents do not grow or learn at the same rate, neither physically nor psychologically. Due to irregular hormonal, body and mental growth, they become â€Å"vulnerable and self-conscious, and often experience unpredictable mood swings† (Turning Points). These changes also affect the way they perceive their surroundings, making them sensitive to and conscious of the implications of their actions to the world at large. Cognitive changes occur at varying rates among adolescents and they usually begin to develop the ability of carrying out abstract thought processes as opposed to only concrete ones as is the usual case n the pre-adolescence years. More important to realize is the fact that this cognitive progression is neither predictable nor dominated by any sense of orderliness. The social aspect of development during adolescence is generally headed by the premise that individuals seek social acceptance from their peers, who assume the role of strong influencers during the years of adolescence. This, combined with the fact that young adolescents become increasingly aware of their bodies and physical appearance make it even more difficult for them to face the changes within themselves and those that they perceive in the world around them. Emotionally, the young adolescent is challenged by the changes he or she is going through making the simplest of daily life occurrences the most challenging of circumstances. On top of this, adolescents become susceptible to taking bold initiatives on grounds of morality as they begin to feel a heightened sense of compassion and concern for the their surrounding environments. The following table present examples of changes in each of the areas outlined above pre-pubescent and pubescent adolescents along with out-of-school steps that could be taken to care for their developmental needs. Problems of Pre-Pubescent Adolescent Learners Area of Change Example Out-of-School Care Cognitive Change A Caucasian pre-pubescent girl begins to question her acquaintances’ prejudice against African Americans Encouraging cross racial relationships and respecting diversity through mentors. Social Change A boy is mentally disturbed about being shorter in height then his class mates. Parents are encouraged to have discussions with the boy about his concern and teach him to look beyond physical appearances, both in himself and in others around him. Emotional Change An adolescent has lately taken to slamming doors after arguments with his parents which have become a usual occurrence at home. Workshops are arranged for parents to handle the emotional changes in their child, where parents share and learn from each others’ experiences. Moral Change A Christian girl is contemplating running away from home in protest against her parents’ prejudice against her Muslim best friend. A mentor is assigned to each adolescent who acts as confidante , predicts the coming problem and deals with the mater accordingly Physical Change A girl becomes aware of her changing body and starts avoiding going out. Mentors and parents are encouraged to take their charges out, have open discussions and take them shopping for their changing needs. Problems of Pubescent Adolescent Learners Area of Change Example Out-of-School Care Cognitive Change As opposed to her parents’ objections, a pubescent girl feels that there is nothing wrong with having affectionate feelings for a boy. Mentors explain to young girls that parents are only human and bound to be unreasonable and that they should consider that teenage crushes are not true love. Social Change A girl starts making friends with teenagers much older then her, whose habits include drug and alcohol abuse. Workshops are arranged for parents to handle the emotional changes in their child, where parents share and learn from each others’ experiences. Parents would then realize that the girl feels misunderstood and is trying to fit in and become acceptable to her peers. Emotional Change A boy starts feeling that he is not wanted by anyone and starts avoiding company. Parents are encouraged to have discussions with the boy about his concern and teach him to look beyond physical appearances, both in himself and in others around him. Moral Change A girl takes up smoking under the premise of that she be allowed to make and learn from her own mistakes. Mentors help in making the girl realize that there are more effective ways to channelize the strength of her morals and discuss relevant examples. Physical Change A girl is aware that she needs certain garments but is too embarrassed to purchase them on her own. Mentors and parents are encouraged to take their charges out, have open discussions, take them shopping for their changing needs and volunteer to shop for things they are uncomfortable to buy themselves until they learn that they have nothing to be ashamed of. Bibliography Turning Points, Transforming Middle Schools: At the Turning Point, the Young Adolescent Learner. Retrieved January 16, 2007, from http://www. turningpts. org/pdf/YALGuide2. pdf

Supporting people with long term health conditions

Supporting people with long term health conditions This report reflects on the care needs of 67 year old Kingsley, at 55 he was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes then at 65 Kingsley suffered a stroke. After a lengthy stay in hospital he was moved to a nursing home where he currently lives, he is not happy in the nursing home and wishes to be discharged and return home to the care of his wife. He displays his unhappiness to care staff with bouts of anger and frustration. He has a social worker assigned to his case who is currently undecided if Kingsley should return home to his wife, he questions the layout of the home and his wifes ability to cope with Kingsleys care needs. Kingsley and his wife have some difficult decisions to make and should be able to discuss these with the social worker as these will have a fundamental impact on where he lives as this will be instrumental to his wellbeing. Living with a long term health condition can have its challenges when receiving health care, its paramount that a care user receives the correct level of support and information available. A psycho sociological perspective offers a holistic approach which addresses an individuals needs and an anthropological perspective which offers a biological study of the human being. A psycho sociological perspective addresses an individuals psychological health and wellbeing needs which are individual to functioning within human society. This perspective highlights that factors such as age, gender, environmental living conditions and the individual differences that people face are to be considered in health needs and care issues. A psycho-social approach to public health aims to incorporate the environment which will address the health of groups of people by social context, social class, location and how accessible they are to local resources. In the past this has been referred to as the social model of health (K217, Learning Guide 2, p43). The structure of the social model of health aims to make health services more affective, accessible and acceptable to individuals. The components are as follows (K217, Learning Guide 2, p43). To acknowledge the influence that health has on political, economic, social, psychological, cultural and environmental factors and also biological factors. To improve health a focus must be placed on the socio-economic environment. To achieve community participation with shared decision making between lay people and practitioners. Health services to collaborate with other government agencies and sectors. Commitment to equity and accountability in health. The use of evidence which is qualitative and quantitative. The concept of this perspective is that the focus of social causes are linked to illness rather genetics. If the social causes which are causing a detrimental effect on health are addressed then a better quality of life and sense of wellbeing are to be achieved. In Kingsley case he is not socially active because of the environment he is currently living in, which is restricting him from participating in any social networks, which gives the practitioners power over him so he is then not part of the decision making regarding his wellbeing. Holism perspective The practice of holism is to recognise that each persons needs are unique to ones own identity. It acknowledges that focus is to be given to lifestyles and choices which have an impact on health and illness. The approach links all aspects of a persons physical, mental and emotional state to create a composition of a state of health and illness. The approach of a biomedical perspective will address medical conditions with a biological, anatomy, and a physiology view but ignores an individuals needs, as a holism approach would address the individuals needs which would have an effect on lifestyles and choices. So a Biomedical perspective has a place in some health conditions such as Diabetes which will address the medical needs such as insulin. But a holistic approach will identify the whole person combining their mind, body and spirit. This can be helpful for practitioners to understand how a Diabetic may be feeling with effects of injecting insulin, are they coping with self management of the condition. The whole person approach to care is to give service users the ability to move on from the professional dominance in the doctor centred model and to achieve the self care model which is to encourage independence. (K217, Learning Guide 2, p42). Discussion. The contribution of theory. Do theories have a place in health and social care services and how can they help people like Kingsley who is suffering from a long term health condition. Theories in health and social care are developed from two perspectives Good research and medical engagements which results in theories from evidence. Generalised practice and an understanding of experience within a profession, these theorises are developed from practical experiences. Theories in understanding long term health conditions can be found in two perspectives bio medical and the social model of health. The bio medical approach is that the body functions normally but when things go wrong a specialist can repair the body; its focus is that biological problems can be addressed with medicine. The social model of health recognises biological factors but also includes the recognition of the influence of health being a matter of psychological and social addressing the wellbeing of an individual. If just a bio medical approach to theory was taken of Kingsleys situation he would have been diagnosed with two long term health conditions a stroke and type two diabetes by a practitioner then undergone biological treatment in hospital, were tests were taken and symptoms were controlled with medication. He is now living with two conditions controlled by medication. Bio medical may adapt mechanical metaphors which presume that a practitioners approach is to be an engineer and to fix what is malfunctioning with medication (K219, leaning guide 1, p36). The N.H.S. point out that a stroke is a medical emergency and should be diagnosed as soon as possible this would be in a bio medical environment. A bio medical view would be taken to determine the emergency treatment needed and also for after care with medication, therapists, physiotherapist and G.Ps. The N.H.S also highlight that the social model of health should be incorporated into a patients social care needs social workers would ass ess a patient and their carers needs and offer services such as meals on wheels and home care services (N.H.S. 2011). A purely social view of theory to long term health conditions would offer Kingsley and his with sociological support in dealing with his conditions addressing needs for his wellbeing. Kingsley has experienced a change to his identity, because of his illness he feels he can no longer contribute in society. Kingsleys illness has made it impossible for him to work so he now relies on the welfare benefit system so his identity has changed from a working man providing for his family to the sick role. The sick role can be identified when an ill person becomes exempt from a social role of responsibilities examples are because of illness, a sick person will not get better without being taken care of and the sick person will want to overcome illness and should be obligated to seek the correct professional help to deal with an illness (Parsons, 1951, p.294). This theory of the sick role has an element of social care and bio medical, society will address an ill persons needs with benefits and c are issues and a biological factor will be present with medication. What can be learnt from research and practice guidelines? Research show that suffers from a long term health condition such as a stroke may face physical disabilities and suffer from social exclusion which can lead to spoiled identities. The Stroke Association commits approximately two and a half million pounds per year in to research of stroke prevention and treatment .Two key achievements are (The Stroke Association 2011). Staying physically fit after 40 cuts risk of a stroke. People who are physically fit after the age of 40 can lower their risk of stroke by as much as 50 percent, compared to people who arent as physically fit (The Stroke Association 2011). The benefit of occupational therapy for stroke care home residents. A recent study funded by the Stroke Association has shown how beneficial even a small amount of occupational therapy can be to residents in care homes who have had a stroke. The study, carried out is extremely significant as the care home population is an understudied and extremely vulnerable group (The stroke Association 2011). The research suggests that prevention can reduce the risk of a stroke and that life style changes and rehabilitation will help with the recovery process, learning to deal with the effects that the stroke has had on them and learning to adapt to the limitations caused by stroke. Rehabilitation would also address the need for any support in dealing with social, emotional and practical issues. A government report on long term health conditions and self care (Your health, your way, 2009) is aimed at promoting discussion between health and social care professionals and people with long term health conditions, it addresses what options, support and information are available for health care users who wish to self care. The N.H.S. and social services want to encourage people with long term health conditions to self care, its shared aims and values for the transformation are to ensure that service users and their carers are not discriminated because of illness or disability and are supported to be able to: Live independently and be able to sustain a family unit, which will avoid children taken on inappropriate caring roles. To stay healthy and to be able to recover quickly from illness. The ability to exercise control over their own life and if appropriate the lives of family members. To participate economically and socially as active and equal citizens. Have the best quality of life, irrespective of illness or disability and retaining respect and dignity. (Your health, your way, 2009, p.4) Self care is build around a holistic process that places the service user at the centre of their own care but also recognising that different issues can impact on an individuals health and wellbeing so the process is supportive, individual, flexible and non-judgemental, the focus is solely on enabling the individual to achieve the outcomes that they want for themselves. People who use services completed a survey prior the transition to self care and after the changes had occurred the findings are. (Your health, your way, 2009) (Your health, your way, 2009) The results show how being empowered to take a more active role in health and well-being can improve quality of life. People who are living with a long term condition can benefit enormously from being supported to self care. They can live longer, have less pain, anxiety, depression and fatigue, have a better quality of life and be more active and independent (Your health, your way, 2009, p.6). Theory and practice. The social model of disability (K217, Learning Guide 6, p43) plays a significant part in a care service users life, such as Kingsley. This theory accepts that people will experience differences in life because of health issues such as stroke and diabetes, but questions that the difference is the problem when society does not adapt to such differences. The theory was introduced in the 1970s when disabled activists debated that society is the problem that faced disabled people not the individuals disability. This approach has a commitment to improving the lives of disabled people, by promoting social inclusion and removing the barriers which oppress disabled people (Tom Shakespeare, 2006, p 9). The biomedical paradigm ignores the differences between individuals and is criticised for overlooking social influences which have an effect to health care (K217, Learning Guide 2, p40). This is clear in the case of Kingsley; he has received biomedical treatment in the past for type 2 diabetes and now for a stroke from medical practitioners. Kingsley is now experiencing differences in life to an able bodied person as well as a change to his identity to being disabled because he cannot walk or use his right hand without being aided. The nursing home were Kingsley now lives accepts his disabilities and provides care for him such as assistance to walk and use his right hand. Two people assist Kingsley to get out of bed, shower and dress him. The environment is restricting his independence and making him disabled relying on assistance and there are no aids he can use himself which would give him control of his care. Empowering people who use services (K217, Learning Guide 10, pp28-34) is a theory which would allow Kingsley to become involved in his health care needs. The focus of the theory is the concern regarding the need for people to participate in their health care needs, and that empowerment will encourage them to use services and empower them to participate within them. People need to be encouraged to use health care services but also need to empower themselves to participate within a service. Health and social care services encourage users to become empowered; this can be with support groups with people who share similar experiences (Diabetes NHS, 2011). Key factors of the theory are that power and control should be equally divided between service provider and user, several options will be available to the user which there will have knowledge on, information supplied to assist in making decisions and if the user is dissatisfied with the system has the option to decline any further use of the system and make a complaint. Involving people who use health and social care services with empowerment gives them achievement by (K217, Learning Guide 10, p30). Having control and being engaged with services. Equal share of power with practitioners. The contribution of planning individual services and the development of good practice. Including all members of society. Empowerments goal is to involve participation at all levels in care services allowing users to have a say and to be engaged in their care needs working with practitioners to satisfy care needs. Empowerment is a way of equalising the distribution of power between users of services and practitioners (Tuner, MacKian, Woodthorpe, 2010, quoted in Learning guide 10, p.30). Kingsleys care needs are being dictated to him by the care home and his social worker if he was to be empowered to use care services and was to empower to participate in services he may be more actively contented with his care needs. Conclusions and recommendations Who cares for Kingsley and where he receives care are now important decisions to make. The decisions will influence his care needs and his future wellbeing. This report highlights the concerns that people who have long term health conditions face with care needs and the services that provide care. Clearly when a person suffers from an illness such as a stroke or diabetes an emergency response for care is received from a medical practitioner who will offer a biomedical diagnoses and if needed medical treatment and medication. As was the treatment Kingsley received, the next phase in the care process is how after care support and treatment is provided for people with a long term health condition. Kingsleys individual care needs have not been addressed; he may be adequately receiving biomedical care in the nursing home and his basic fundamental needs for living such as shelter, food and warmth are being provided his individual needs are not being considered. Kingsley wishes to return home to the care of his wife, a psycho sociological perspective will identify that his individual psychological health and wellbeing in society is not being fulfilled. The care home environment is restricting him from participating in main stream society; he cannot be active within society because he has no access to social networks. This will be a fundamental reason for his bouts of anger and frustration as before his illness he was social active and provided for his family. Kingsleys care needs are unique to his new identity as a disabled person with a long term health condition, along with a psycho sociological perspective a holistic approach will help to identify the impact this is having on his health, lifestyle and wellbeing. The social worker assigned to Kingsley is concerned that his wife would not be able to cope with his care needs, one option is to recognise what difficulties in society will be restricting Kingsley because of his disability (The social model of disability). The care home is disabling Kingsley because of its lack of practices and environment. If the social worker was to work with Kingsley and his wife to identify the support needed to provide a self care package such as direct payments (K217, Learning Guide 10, p29) this would allow them to be independently in control over which services they use. Allowing them to live independently as a family and able to participate economically within society.

Quran Burning Essay examples -- Terrorism politics Society

Quran Burning Can power be used for good? Unfortunately, there are many events in the past three years that overshadow the good that has been occurring in the world. People use different types of power to achieve the task at hand. The Quran burning, a recent controversial event that was supposed to occur on September 11, 2010, to honor all victims who passed away in the terrorist attacks. However, a small town church pastor named Terry Jones utilizes many powers to attempt to burn a holy book that was significant to a certain race, the Muslims. The question was how can one man who leads a small church of 50 people in Florida have the power to create uproar around the world? Through the United States Constitution, Terry Jones gained an immense amount of power which he abused in order to make an unethical statement about Islamic religion. First of all, the controversial Quran burning had many Americans debate the power of the constitution. Many people stated that the Quran burning was protected under the power of the first amendment, which guarantees the right to free speech. Jones wanted people to stop believing and worshipping a religion; and his way of expressing free speech was initiating a burning ceremony (Kiser 1). Being a Muslim is the â€Å"Un-American thing, according to Jones, and he is using his right of free speech to suppress the rights of Muslims to worship their religion. In Kiser’s article, â€Å"The Controversy over International Burn a Quran Day† he writes, â€Å"The Constitution of the United States does advocate, ‘Free Speech’, but it remains dim on the offensiveness of that free speech. The Constitution also advocates â€Å"Freedom of Religion†, but the United States remains a country where religion is abused and suppressed... ...nt could have potentially put the whole world at war, especially between Christians and Muslims. Works Cited Berry, Wendell. â€Å"Thoughts in the Presence of Fear.† Yagelski 474-479. Dog, Mary Crow. â€Å"Civilize Them with a Stick.† Yagelski 429-437. Kiser, M L. â€Å"The Controversy over International Burn a Quran Day.† Helium. N.p., 2010. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Levitz, Jennifer, and Jonathan Weisman. â€Å"Pastor Keeps Pushing to Tie Protest with Islamic Center.† The Wall Street Journal. N.p., 2010. Web. 21 Oct. 2010. Rashid, Ayesha. â€Å"Burn a Quran Day and the Power of Ignorance.† The Daily Progress. Media General Communications Holdings, 2010. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Somaiya, Ravi. â€Å"Should We Cover the Quran Burning?† Newsweek. N.p., 2010. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Yagelski, Robert P, ed. Reading Our World: Conversations in Context. 2nd ed. Boston: Wadsworth, 2010. N. pag. Print.

Woodstock Essay -- essays research papers fc

The muddiest four days in history were celebrated in a drug-induced haze in Sullivan County, New York (Tiber 1). Music soared through the air and into the ears of the more than 450,000 hippies that were crowded into Max Yasgur's pasture. "What we had here was a once-in-a-lifetime occurrence," said Bethel town historian Bert Feldmen. "Dickens said it first: 'it was the best of times, it was the worst of times'. It's an amalgam that will never be reproduced again" (Tiber 1). It also closed the New York State Thruway and created one of the nation's worst traffic jams (Tiber 1). Woodstock, with its rocky beginnings, epitomized the culture of that era through music, drug use, and the thousands of hippies who attended, leaving behind a legacy for future generations. Woodstock was the hair brained idea of four men that met each other completely at random. It was the counterculture's biggest bash, which ultimately cost over $2.4 million, and was sponsored by John Roberts, Joel Rosenman, Artie Kornfeld, and Michael Lang (Young 18). John Roberts was an heir to a drugstore and toothpaste manufacturing fortune. He supplied the money, for he had a multi-million dollar trust fund, a University of Pennsylvania degree, and a Lieutenant's commission in the Army (Tiber 1). Joel Rosenman, the son of a prominent Long Island orthodontist, had just graduated from Yale Law School (Makower 28). In 1967, he was playing guitar for a lounge band in motels from Long Island to Law Vegas. He and Roberts met on a golf course in the fall of 1966 (Tiber 1). By the next winter, Roberts and Rosenman shared an apartment and were trying to figure out what to do with their lives. One idea was to create a screw ball situation comedy for television (Landy, Spirit 62). "It w as an office comedy about two pals with more money than brains and a thirst for adventure," Rosenman said. To get plot ideas for their sitcom, Roberts and Rosenman put a classified as in the Wall Street Journal and Fanning 2 the New York Times in March of 1968 that read: "Young men with unlimited capital looking for interesting, legitimate investment opportunities and business propositions" (Tiber 1). Artie Kornfeld was the vice-president of Capitol Records. He smoked hash in the office and was the Company's connection with the rockers that were starting to sell millions or reco... ...ug use, and the thousands of hippies who attended, leaving behind a legacy for future generations. II. How Woodstock got Started; The Events Leading up to Woodstock0 A. Woodstock was the hair brained idea of four men that met each other completely at random. B. The four met to discuss their idea at a high-rise on 83rd Street. C. "In the cultural-political atmosphere of 1969, Kornfeld and Land knew it was important to pitch Woodstock in a way that would appeal to their peer's sense of independence. III. The Four Days of Woodstock A. After a much-anticipated wait, Friday, August 15, 1969, arrived. B. On Friday, Joan Baez was the headliner†¦and Sly and the Family Stone. C. There were people everywhere. D. There was a tent dubbed the Freak-Out Tent, which in reality was the nurses' station. IV. The Aftermath A. After the final hippie drudged out of Max Yasgur's pasture, the problems for Woodstock Ventures began. B. For the next decade, Woodstock was virtually a clichà © for all that was goofy and bad about the '60's. V. Conclusion Summary Sentence: A good time was had by all, and although it has been tried, perfection cannot be imitated.

Russian Jews :: essays research papers

Russian Jews To Russian Jews, the synagogue was the center of religion and religion was the most important thing in their lives. The rabbi was their leader, they came to him with every problem they had. Jews were poor, but they all gave tzedakah. It was said that even the poorest Jews could find someone poorer to help and give money to. According to the Jewish religion, tzedakah is one of the most important mitzvahs you can do. The same could be said about the Jewish holidays. They were observed very strictly, but Shabbat was the most welcomed. In order to teach the importance of Jewish law, they started their own schools, their own courts of law, and their own burial societies. even though there were pogroms, religious persecution forced the Jews to create stronger communities and made them more united. In the beginning of the 1800s, Alexander I ruled Russia. He promised the Jews that they could become farmers, could live in two districts, and could buy unoccupied land. Although Alexander was kind and helped the Jews, the tax they were forced to pay, stayed. before he died in 1825, the Jewish situation became hard for them to bare. They lived in poverty in small and crowded places and were oppressed. For hundreds of years, Jews lived these ways in two communities - the ghetto and the shtetl. To keep out thieves and rioters from coming in, they built walls around their section of town. When they did this, the government and churches got an idea, they would use the walls that the Jews built, to lock them in. These walls were located near a foundry that made cannons, so they named it â€Å"ghetto† which means "foundry". They would close the gates every night and the Jews would be locked in until daybreak. The word of the ghettos quickly spread, soon there were ghettos all over Europe. The Jews were all treated the same in every ghetto that was in Europe, according the government and churches, the Jews had no rights. They were no allowed to own land, join crafts guilds, or do any kind of work that Christians got to do. In some ghettos, they were even forced to wear badges so anyone who saw them would know they were Jewish. The badge was usually a Star of David. For many years, the government took copies of the Talmud, and burnt them. Also the government forced the Jews to listen to long Christian sermons. Even though all these terrible things took place and the government was not good to the Jews, the ghettos seemed to be a

Deception Point Page 26

Like a hot knife through a frozen stick of butter. Norah motioned to the NASA men on the winches. â€Å"The generators can't handle this kind of strain, so I'm using manpower to lift.† â€Å"That's crap!† one of the workers interjected. â€Å"She's using manpower because she likes to see us sweat!† â€Å"Relax,† Norah fired back. â€Å"You girls have been bitching for two days that you're cold. I cured that. Now keep pulling.† The workers laughed. â€Å"What are the pylons for?† Rachel asked, pointing to several orange highway cones positioned around the tower at what appeared to be random locations. Rachel had seen similar cones dispersed around the dome. â€Å"Critical glaciology tool,† Norah said. â€Å"We call them SHABAs. That's short for ‘step here and break ankle.'† She picked up one of the pylons to reveal a circular bore hole that plunged like a bottomless well into the depths of the glacier. â€Å"Bad place to step.† She replaced the pylon. â€Å"We drilled holes all over the glacier for a structural continuity check. As in normal archeology, the number of years an object has been buried is indicated by how deep beneath the surface it's found. The farther down one finds it, the longer it's been there. So when an object is discovered under the ice, we can date that object's arrival by how much ice has accumulated on top of it. To make sure our core dating measurements are accurate, we check multiple areas of the ice sheet to confirm that the area is one solid slab and hasn't been disrupted by earthquake, fissuring, avalanche, what have you.† â€Å"So how does this glacier look?† â€Å"Flawless,† Norah said. â€Å"A perfect, solid slab. No fault lines or glacial turnover. This meteorite is what we call a ‘static fall.' It's been in the ice untouched and unaffected since it landed in 1716.† Rachel did a double take. â€Å"You know the exact year it fell?† Norah looked surprised by the question. â€Å"Hell, yes. That's why they called me in. I read ice.† She motioned to a nearby pile of cylindrical tubes of ice. Each looked like a translucent telephone pole and was marked with a bright orange tag. â€Å"Those ice cores are a frozen geologic record.† She led Rachel over to the tubes. â€Å"If you look closely you can see individual layers in the ice.† Rachel crouched down and could indeed see that the tube was made up of what appeared to be strata of ice with subtle differences in luminosity and clarity. The layers varied between paper thin to about a quarter of an inch thick. â€Å"Each winter brings a heavy snowfall to the ice shelf,† Norah said, â€Å"and each spring brings a partial thaw. So we see a new compression layer every season. We simply start at the top-the most recent winter-and count backward.† â€Å"Like counting rings on a tree.† â€Å"It's not quite that simple, Ms. Sexton. Remember, we're measuring hundreds of feet of layerings. We need to read climatological markers to benchmark our work-precipitation records, airborne pollutants, that sort of thing.† Tolland and the others joined them now. Tolland smiled at Rachel. â€Å"She knows a lot about ice, doesn't she?† Rachel felt oddly happy to see him. â€Å"Yeah, she's amazing.† â€Å"And for the record,† Tolland nodded, â€Å"Dr. Mangor's 1716 date is right on. NASA came up with the exact same year of impact well before we even got here. Dr. Mangor drilled her own cores, ran her own tests, and confirmed NASA's work.† Rachel was impressed. â€Å"And coincidentally,† Norah said, â€Å"1716 is the exact year early explorers claimed to have seen a bright fire-ball in the sky over northern Canada. The meteor became known as the Jungersol Fall, after the name of the exploration's leader.† â€Å"So,† Corky added, â€Å"the fact that the core dates and the historic record match is virtual proof that we're looking at a fragment of the same meteorite that Jungersol recorded seeing in 1716.† â€Å"Dr. Mangor!† one of the NASA workers called out â€Å"Leader hasps are starting to show!† â€Å"Tour's over, folks,† Norah said. â€Å"Moment of truth.† She grabbed a folding chair, climbed up onto it, and shouted out at the top of her lungs. â€Å"Surfacing in five minutes, everyone!† All around the dome, like Pavlovian dogs responding to a dinner bell, the scientists dropped what they were doing and hurried toward the extraction zone. Norah Mangor put her hands on her hips and surveyed her domain. â€Å"Okay, let's raise the Titanic.† 28 â€Å"Step aside!† Norah hollered, moving through the growing crowd. The workers scattered. Norah took control, making a show of checking the cable tensions and alignments. â€Å"Heave!† one of the NASA men yelled. The men tightened their winches, and the cables ascended another six inches out of the hole. As the cables continued to move upward, Rachel felt the crowd inching forward in anticipation. Corky and Tolland were nearby, looking like kids at Christmas. On the far side of the hole, the hulking frame of NASA administrator Lawrence Ekstrom arrived, taking a position to watch the extraction. â€Å"Hasps!† one of the NASA men yelled. â€Å"Leaders are showing!† The steel cables rising through the boreholes changed from silver braid to yellow leader chains. â€Å"Six more feet! Keep it steady!† The group around the scaffolding fell into a rapt silence, like onlookers at a seance awaiting the appearance of some divine specter-everyone straining for the first glimpse. Then Rachel saw it. Emerging from the thinning layer of ice, the hazy form of the meteorite began to show itself. The shadow was oblong and dark, blurry at first, but getting clearer every moment as it melted its way upward. â€Å"Tighter!† a technician yelled. The men tightened the winches, and the scaffolding creaked. â€Å"Five more feet! Keep the tension even!† Rachel could now see the ice above the stone beginning to bulge upward like a pregnant beast about to give birth. Atop the hump, surrounding the laser's point of entry, a small circle of surface ice began to give way, melting, dissolving into a widening hole. â€Å"Cervix is dilated!† someone shouted. â€Å"Nine hundred centimeters!† A tense laughter broke the silence. â€Å"Okay, kill the laser!† Someone threw a switch, and the beam disappeared. And then it happened. Like the fiery arrival of some paleolithic god, the huge rock broke the surface with a hiss of steam. Through the swirling fog, the hulking shape rose out of the ice. The men manning the winches strained harder until finally the entire stone broke free of the frozen restraints and swung, hot and dripping, over an open shaft of simmering water. Rachel felt mesmerized. Dangling there on its cables, dripping wet, the meteorite's rugged surface glistened in the fluorescent lights, charred and rippled with the appearance of an enormous petrified prune. The rock was smooth and rounded on one end, this section apparently blasted away by friction as it streaked through the atmosphere. Looking at the charred fusion crust, Rachel could almost see the meteor rocketing earthward in a furious ball of flames. Incredibly, that was centuries ago. Now, the captured beast hung there on its cables, water dripping from its body. The hunt was over. Not until this moment had the drama of this event truly struck Rachel. The object hanging before her was from another world, millions of miles away. And trapped within it was evidence-no, proof-that man was not alone in the universe. The euphoria of the moment seemed to grip everyone at the same instant, and the crowd broke into spontaneous hoots and applause. Even the administrator seemed caught up in it. He clapped his men and women on the back, congratulating them. Looking on, Rachel felt a sudden joy for NASA. They'd had some tough luck in the past. Finally things were changing. They deserved this moment.

Outcome Blank

Which song you would like today ? 2. Identify regulatory requirements what underpin a positive environment for children and young people. In my setting we working with different activities such as: We had two activities for mothers Samba and Yoga class every Wednesday besides Cryache services. The cryache works with the child in two session: In the morning when the child arrive we do activities to be play and snack time, in the afternoon the child to learning Speech and Language assessment and remedial help, this activity we works with children +2 years old.Also we art therapy, dance and movement therapy, chronological therapy, safe space to families when mothers receive information about abuse or domestic violence. These activities we use regulatory' ECMA and EYES with the children, in the other hand, the safe space in my setting work with CAR-SACS regulatory. Outcome 2 – Be able to support a positive environment that meets the individual needs of children and young people. A ssessment Criteria 1 Meet and greet children and young people in a way that welcomes them onto the work setting.When the child arrive at centre one person open the door for him with your parent, then this person give welcome, ask open question, then when the parent living in the child, we star sing welcome song with the children where every child learning the names together. 2 Provide opportunities for children and young people to engage in activities of choice. In my setting we have AnD Space, when we offering therapeutic help for school children aged 4 to 13 years through, the use of art therapy and drama therapy. O Individual sessions Small group work 3 Provide activities and resources to meet the individual needs or children and young people.

Bradford City Fire Essay

1.0 Introduction Working within the events sector it is highly likely that you will be faced to deal with certain risks and hazards that could occour. Risk has to be managed and can be done in a manner of ways. Some risks may be controlled by good management but others are inevitable and uncontrollable but dealing with the aftermath of uncontrollable risks can be done effectively. Guidelines and regulations are put in place to reduce risk at events but it is also down to yourself. 2.0 Bradford City Fire This disaster occoured on Sautrday 11th Mayb 1985 at Valley Parade Stadium and is still widely talked about today. A football mtch between Bradford City an d Lincolnd city took place but a great fire started resulting in 56 fatalaties and 256 injuries. 2.1 Identifying the risk The obvious risk is the fire, from the attached video in appendix you can see the start of the fire is very small and I don’t think anyone thought it would escelate to the etent that it did. The fire was first noticed at 3.40pm just 5 minutes before half time. It was noticed three rows from the back of G block in the Valley Parade ground. At first swtewards requested firefighting equipment but soon realised it was burning out of control and polie and stewards started to evacuate people from the stand. As you can see in the video it only took 4 minutes for the whole of the roof and wooden stands to become ablaze. In appendix it is reported that supporters towards the back tried to escape through the back but foun d that the gates were locked. Should the gates have been locked? And if they were why were they still loced in such an emergency? 2.2 Identifying the cause There has never been one definite cause or reason for the start of the fire but many similar reasons. The Daily Mail article in appendix reported that the cause was â€Å"a match or cigarette end dropped onto rubbish that had accumulated under the main stand at Cvalley Parade an turned the wooden structure into inferno† While an article by The Guardian suggests that litter that had developed over the years had contributed the blaze â€Å"The police officer responsible for searching the debris of the burnt-out stand told Popplewell he found litter which had been there for years, including a 1968 copy of the local newspaper† I think the cause of the fire may have been a smoke flare which encouraged the fire by the sheer negligence of not keeping the stands clean and tidy as a newspaper from 17 years prior to the event was discovered during the clean up of the disaster. A magazine article from Infochem in 2010 (issue 234) suggests the same that the fire was started by a cigarette or match and was encouraged buy built up litter but then goes on to reveal tht â€Å"Bradford City FC had been repeatedly warned about the litter posing a fire risk and had plans to upgrade their stand at the end of the season as they were to be promoted for the next season† So the fact that they had been repeatedly warned about the litter surely the stadium should have done something sooner rather than later like in this situation. 3.0 Impact of the risk It is clear from the death toll and injury numbers that many people have been affected by this , not only the mental and physical scarring of the people injured but also the families and friends of those who lost their lives that day. A report from the Independent found in appendix backs this up by describing his story of being told his father was in a special burns unit and was to have skin grafts on his hands. Also showing the severity of the outcome of the injuries a plastic surgeon Professor David Sharp and other plastic surgeons from around the UK were brought in. They operated on around 25 people in the first day while the total needing medical attention was 80. 3.1 Changes as a result of the event This may not be a direct change due to the disaster at the ground that day as this was put into practice in 2007, 22 years after the disaster but im sure it has something to do with it. Bradford City Football Club released a statement to become much more stricter on the non smoking policy. It can be found in appendix . From the introduction of the anti smoking legislation it became apparent that not all supporters were abiding by the rules and ignoring the no smokig signage in certain parts of the stadium. As suggested that a cigarette may be the main cause of the disaster you wuld of thought they would have been more forceful with this rule in the first place. They say that they feel sufficient warning have been given anf that swtard are instructed to eject anyone who is caught smoking witin the stadium. Also that anyone who wishes to leave the stadiun to smoke will not be re admitted under any circumstances. The main thing that came out of this disater was The Poppywell enquiry, this was to revise the Safety at Sports SGrounds Act 1975. From this they changed it to the Fire Safety and Safety of Places of Sport Act. One change that came out of this was to have a maximum number of attendees in stadiuns which is presently set at 10,000. This helps keep an eye on numbers and from a health and safety point of view allows the emergency services to calculate appropriate numbers for if another disaster was to happen. Also from the Poppywell enquiry came that the â€Å"Green Guide† should be revised. The Green Guide gives advice and ensures that people have a strong idea on how safety should be handles at large sporting events. 4.0 Risk strategy methodology There are 4 types of risk response strategies, these are; avoidance,reduction,retention and transference. Risk avoidance is the removal of risk liabilities or hazards. This can be done by changing certain procedures that have a high risk, removing or decreasing risk sources and substituting the less hazardous options. Sometimes risks are far too high and may not be able to be reduced at all and the only answer is to cancel or get rid of the whole idea. Risk reduction is the reduction of the severity caused by the impact. It’s done by reducing the probability of it occurring, It is basically to reduce the seriousness of the outcome should a accident occur. This is done by methods such as protecting yourselves and others and having a good security system. Risk retention is applies to small risks as the cost of insuring yourselves and others against the risk would be substantially larger than the total losses so no special efforts are made to control the risk. This doesn’t mean that the risks are ignored but are closely monitored to ensure they don’t happen again. Risk transference is the allocation of risk to a third party not yourself, which is obtained by purchasing insurance cover.

Homeless Women in America Essay

Imagine not having all the luxuries that embellish one’s life. All the things that make someone happy can be a mere memory in an instant. It is a reality that many women are becoming homeless at an alarming rate. Many for the reason that one parent works and the other stay home. The husband comes home with no money to provide nor give to his children because he rather spend it on beer or on drugs and not even have a thought that he has a family waiting for him at home. What is a woman to do with no money, no home, and no job. She has never had to work in her life, which has no job experience, Due to the fact she has always been dependent on her husband. Prostitute? This is what homeless women end up doing to support and feed their children. â€Å"There’s been a study about the prostitution of homeless women. 75 percent of women in escort prostitution had attempted suicide, 62 percent reported having been raped in prostitution and 73 percent reported having experience physical assault in prostitution†(Kay 2). Historically, homeless women become homeless due to their husband using drugs or being under the influence. However, today the reasons are more because of their economic issues. The fact, that there is not funding for women shelters or job training women and their families are forced to live in their cars or on the streets. The lack of government funding is forcing women out of their homes and having to find shelters for their children and themselves. How could it be possible that state and local government are revoking or reducing the monthly financial aid to women with families? Homeless women are exchanging their bodies for money to support their family.

Civil Proceedings - John Tobin and the Department of Industrial Assignment

Civil Proceedings - John Tobin and the Department of Industrial Accidents - Assignment Example The plaintiff seeks that his case should be remanded to a lower judge so that more evidence can be gathered related to the statute applicable to his case. In addition, he seeks to prove that he is entitled to receive social security benefits and employee pension despite being inactive for two years in the labour market. The employees appeal was submitted in and heard by a single judge in the Appeals Court. The Appeals Court upheld the orders of the reviewing board of the Department of Industrial Accidents. His request that this issue should be remanded to a lower judge for further consideration of evidence and findings stands rejected. Furthermore, the Court rejected the employees contention based on the Federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) (CASE). John Tobin started working as the custodian of Stoughton Police department in 1978. In 1988, he injured his shoulder while cleaning an overhead light fixture. Consequently, surgical procedures were performed on his shoulder; He received two payments out of the workers' compensation benefit on 15th October 1988 and 29th October 1991. John Tobin had been unemployed for two years and over the age of sixty-five by 29th October 1991 when he received the second payment. The administrative judge passed an order that John Tobin is not entitled to receive employee benefits. He appealed against the order to the reviewing board but two out of the three judges on board affirmed the orders passed by the administrative judge. The issues relate to whether John Tobin is entitled to receive employee benefits as he is above sixty-five years of age and has been out of labour market for over two years. Additionally, if he is entitled to receive compensation payments as he was injured prior to the amendment in the General Law, which laid down certain restrictions on compensation payments. The orders of the reviewing board were affirmed so they won this case. The Appeals Court rejected the employees argue that the General Laws c. 152, Â § 35 are in contravention of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and the Declaration of the Rights of the Massachusetts Constitution.

Tate & Lyle Sugar to Be Fair-Trade Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 15

Tate & Lyle Sugar to Be Fair-Trade - Case Study Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that during the growth stages of a product, the product manufacturers should focus more on devising specific strategies for maintaining growth. During this stage; â€Å"more competitors will enter the market, companies increase the number of product offerings in order to differentiate themselves from competitors, the prices may begin to fall and the emphasis may shift from moderate to heavy advertising and promotion activities†(Planning: Middle Growth Stage, 2010). Tate & Lyle’s product Granulated white sugar is in the growth stage of its product life cycle and hence it may severe completion from the market as more and more competitors may enter the market for reaping the profit. It is difficult for Tate & Lyle to sell their product for a higher price even though the sales volume and public awareness may increase.  Tate & Lyle needs to elaborate on their distribution or logistics channels in order to reach more remote customer s during the growth stage of their product, Granulated white sugar. Moreover, the expenditure on promotional activities and advertising should be increased in order to tackle the efforts of competitors. Even though the sales of Granulated white sugar may increase during the growth stage, the expenditure for maintaining the growth phase would be more than any other stages of the entire life cycle of the product.

Gay Marriage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gay Marriage - Research Paper Example The following are the approaches that have been used to attempt to solve the standoff. 1. Political Approach The gay community has been needlessly subjected to negative tagging by the ‘straight.’ This has left authorities with no choice but to adjust the law in order to protect this minority group from intolerant and homophobic treatments. But is it true that the gay are victims of homophobia and intolerance from the straight society? â€Å"Homophobia is the hatred or fear of homosexuals †¦ sometimes leading to acts of violence and expressions of hostility.† (Anti-Defamation League, 2001). Fear and hatred of homosexuals is something that should be condemned in bold letters. Supporting Proposition 8 therefore exposes the gay to unjust and unfair treatment. However, only extremist individuals and groups come to this extent of being out-rightly insolent against the gay-and this is totally unacceptable. If someone is peacefully expressing their opinion against ho mosexuality because they think it is wrong, should they be termed intolerant and homophobic? If a church-based organization says it cannot admit gay individuals because its value system does not allow such, is that intolerance? Not any more than than Tyson (Meat Company) can join the American Vegetarian Association! It is not intolerant, it is just plain unreasonable. Cost of Implementation Not everyone who opposes homosexuality hates or fears the gay: they are simply expressing their opinion and practicing their freedom of expression. Apparently, the gay are cushioned by the law, such that they can get away with something that other people don’t. For instance, is it not ‘freedom of expression’ to talk against religion and the religious, but not against homosexuality? Jennifer Roback says, â€Å"I’m voting ‘yes’ on 8, not because of my views of gays and lesbians, but because of my views about marriage. I view marriage as a gender-based instit ution that attaches mothers and fathers to each other and to their children.† (Jennifer Roback, November 1 2008). Is it fair and just to have children in a situation where they cannot utter ‘mum’ or ‘dad’, because we adults have disordered these roles? Would a child feel the same way if they were cuddled in the bosom of a ‘male mother’ as they would in that of a ‘real’ mother? No one has the right to abuse homosexuals, but opposing them does not amount to discriminating against them. Rejecting Proposition 8 amounts to giving the gay way too much liberty at the expense of others-especially children; and criminalizing rather honest and kind opinions. 2. Sociological Approach Maggie Gallagher and Joshua K. Baker seem to reject the proposition by positing that gay marriages have no negative implication on the society. They assert that â€Å"†¦ children raised by lesbian and gay parents†¦ do as well if not better than c hildren raised by heterosexual parents† emotionally, socially and educationally. (Gallagher, Maggie and Joshua K. Blake, Pg 2). They posit that the gender of the parents does not matter; provided love, care and protection thrive in the family unit. However, they point at the immense significance there is in a traditional family by admitting that marriage is more than a private emotional relationship. â€Å"It is also a social good; †¦

Thinking and decision making paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thinking and decision making - Research Paper Example Such isolation, if made part of everyday thinking, proves harmful. Lower abstraction is a kind of thinking that occurs when an individual is involved in a task and knows about all potential aspects in which the task functions. The lady may appreciate the exotic look of the variety of meals on the dining table when the guest arrives, yet this appreciation occurs within the context. People make use of lower abstraction when they need to perceive a situation. The lady may think that it might not be good for the guest to have the sweet dish with the meal, but then might think, â€Å"If I don’t make a sweet dish, my meal would be incomplete. Let the guest enjoy the sweet dish once in a blue moon† (this perception is based on the visualization of the meal from the aesthetic point of view). In complicated situations, lower abstraction is used in order to perceive and analyze a situation. The individual thinking this way analyzes the particular aspects that control a given situation and the working of several entities that make part of the si tuation. In everyday thinking, we work in an integrated manner in every aspect whether or not we are aware of that. We employ the knowledge of aspects tacitly. We may make one thing the focus of our attention, yet we know about the thing’s context. For example, the lady wanting to cook the meal for the guests may go to the market and purchase the ingredients and buy the cooking book to learn the cooking techniques, but she also remains aware of what the guests’ satisfaction means to her and that she wants to avoid unnecessary criticism by the guests. Of the three types of thinking, everyday thinking is the most rational while lower abstraction is better than higher abstraction. Steps involved in the critical thinking process include acquiring knowledge, comprehending things,

City Development in Northen Virginia and Seoul Essay

City Development in Northen Virginia and Seoul - Essay Example If all the above are available and conveniently, located, then communities may live well. However, if houses are built in such a way that they are dispersed or in isolation, then chances are that local governments/ other stakeholders will have to spend huge sums on this. 2 Additionally, such poor city plans cause excessive consumption of fuel, wastage of time when getting from one point to another and limited productivity. Excess use of resources also aggravates the situation. When Cities or towns build their houses in distant locations, then tax payers will have to spend huge sums of their money in constructing access roads. However, Northern Virginia lacks some of these features. In Accomack County, a whooping eighty percent of the employees in the area work within it. Therefore, the remaining percentage has to travel to other destinations found outside it. On the other hand, thirty four percent of the workers in Prince William County work within it. The remaining workers have to go outside the county. This implies that almost seventy percent of workers in some other county have to move to another county when going to work. 3 The overall result of these changes is... Additionally, poorly built houses are more difficult to maintain because they require high costs per unit. These high costs are eventually transferred to the tax payer and he may find it difficult to ache out a living in such an area. Many administrators in Northern Virginia have made the mistake of assuming that further road construction will solve the problems however, this not necessarily true. The most viable option for Northern Virginia is introduction of smart building plans. If houses were built in convenient locations, there would be a lesser burden on the taxpayer because houses would be constructed in one area and there would be no need for excessive fuel use in transport. This also means that smart city development also prevents pollution since it will be minimizing carbon emission. 4 Northern Virginia has recorded high levels of sprawling houses because the local government has not bothered regulating private developments. This implies that houses are built haphazardly and it becomes increasingly difficult to manage their resource utility. Northern Virginia's buildings are also not functionally planned. For instance, constructions may be done in very fertile soils that are better sources of farmland. Additionally, where houses are concentrated, some of them do not have any form of buffer zones to a low fro differences in functionality. For example, a dairy farm and a town home are located near one another. Perhaps the biggest problem in Northern Virginia is the fact that the local authorities have minimal powers with regard to land use. Most of them lack the ability to plan houses in the Coty. Private developers have the ability to determine which parts will develop and which ones will not. The law specifically

Old City of Jerusalem and Its Walls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Old City of Jerusalem and Its Walls - Essay Example Considering the different plants and animals that are found in the region and their species being very rare, it can be understood that these living organisms involve a biological interrelationship between them. Hasson also mentioned in his article that carnivorous animals are also observed in the areas. These facts throw light on the dependence of one organism on another for their living that gives rise to the interrelationship between them. While carnivorous animals would feed on other smaller animals or organisms, these animals would feed on the different varieties of plants found in the region. Thus, the old city of Jerusalem and its walls reflect on the biological diversity available in the region and the biological interrelationships that they have between them.Considering the different plants and animals that are found in the region and their species being very rare, it can be understood that these living organisms involve a biological interrelationship between them. Hasson als o mentioned in his article that carnivorous animals are also observed in the areas. These facts throw light on the dependence of one organism on another for their living that gives rise to the interrelationship between them. While carnivorous animals would feed on other smaller animals or organisms, these animals would feed on the different varieties of plants found in the region. Thus, the old city of Jerusalem and its walls reflect on the biological diversity available in the region and the biological interrelationships that they have between them.... While carnivorous animals would feed on other smaller animals or organisms, these animals would feed on the different varieties of plants found in the region. Thus, the old city of Jerusalem and its walls reflect on the biological diversity available in the region and the biological interrelationships that they have between them. Human Intrusions Threatening the Area: The old city of Jerusalem and its walls are encountered severely with the threats arising from the intrusions from human beings. This is primarily because the status of the city is not known and there lies no general agreement as far as the political power is concerned. Thus there are claims from different power for the control of the city. These claims and differences have led to threats of devastation for the city. The resultant urban development leading to human intrusions throw light on the deterioration that the city encounters in the midst of the power claims. The conservation power of the city gets affected as a consequence of such activities (Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls, 2012). UNESCO has been performing its role in this regard trying to bring about the necessary rules and principles that can rescue the city and its heritage properties as well as the lives of the living organisms making their abodes in the abandoned regions of the city (Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls, 2012). Thus it can be realized that while human beings have the tendency to bring control on the city of Jerusalem intruding and creating threats for the city, threats also arise for the flora and fauna that have found their residence in the old city and its walls. This is indeed a matter of great concern since if protective measures cannot be taken, the rare species might be found to become extinct.

Finance Issues during the First Five Years of a New Company Essay

Finance Issues during the First Five Years of a New Company - Essay Example Accumulated losses of the first 3 years have only been neutralized in the last accounting period for which actual results are available. Consequently, the company has never declared a dividend and does not even forecast one for the first year of forecasted business results. Â  2. The Gross Margin has improved from 18.75% in 2004 to 21.57% in 2005. The forecast Gross Margin for 2006, at 22.92% is only slightly higher than the latest achievement of 2005. However, fuel costs, which are significant for a business such as that of PDS is forecast to rise to 26.04% of revenue, as against 25.49% in 2005 and 25% in 2004. It appears that PDS is not able to secure protection against a major inflation driver into its business contracts. However, PDS has been able to reduce variable labor expenses from 56.25% of revenue to just 52.94% in 2005 and expects the trend to continue with a forecast of just 51.04% in 2006. These are significant productivity gains in a challenging human resources environment. Similarly, staff salaries are forecast to remain constant in 2006 compared to 2005, though net profits will more than double. Â  3. Leased capacity utilization has improved very significantly during the past five years, considering the remarkable rise in revenues. However, depreciation at less than 5% of the gross block in vehicles seems to totally inadequate. The depreciation reserve is entirely inadequate and distorts the profitability picture, including the basis for taxation. Â  4. Though the debenture loan and bank overdraft show plenty of scope for gearing compared to the Gross Block, the company does not have any immovable fixed assets.

Her Lifestory Essay Example for Free

Her Lifestory Essay Now you can see how successful Concepcion Baylock is. At the age of 12 the young Concepcion was already away from her family and lived with her relatives in order to have a good education. Living with her relatives is not that easy, she had to do the household chores for them to let her stay, and she goes to school at the same time. At a very young age Concepcion showed her diligence in everything she does. When the time her grandparents took her, Concepcion’s life changed because they treat her nicely and they were good to her. However she still tried to help doing the chores because she wanted to thank them, in that simple way she showed her grandparents how thankful she is. As a teenager Concepcion supposed to be hanging out with her friends going to movies, parties, and outings. However she missed this, she would rather save her money that was given by her grandparents. She doesn’t even buy new things. When she was still in her senior years in high school she already worked by teaching grade school student. Later on she worked as a telephone operator in the United States Naval force in Subic. While she was working she married an irresponsible man, he just let Concepcion doing all the work. Good thing Concepcion successfully gets out of this marriage. She had a child with this unsuccessful marriage. Years later, Concepcion married again with an American who she had a four children. He is the one who helped her to put up her first business, they had a jeepney and taxi concession. When her business succeeded she put up her second business a four-storey hotel, which later on turned out to be a combined hotel, night club, and restaurant. Her ventures succeeded, but she remembers that before she married her second husband she faced many disapproval regarding in her plan f having a business. She never let this bring her down, despite she used this as challenge to pursue more. Concepcion was not still contented; she pursue her education in Manila. She managed to raise her children and run a business at the same time while she was studying. She had a very hectic schedule; she only had around four hours of sleep every day. After she finished her degree in commerce, she proceed to law, and then to a master’s in public administration, and a doctorate in commerce. Concepcion Blaylock is now a president and chairman of Diamond Motors Corporation. As an entrepreneur and a manager Conception knows how to deal with different type of people. She knew how to treat her people properly. She never hesitates to help them, especially those who showed loyalty to her and to the business. She never forgets to credit the companies who trust her. She always makes sure to maintain their trust to her. She never abused her creditor, who trusts her. Today, when Concepcion Blaylock looks back at her past she was very thankful for such an experience that she had. She was very grateful with the things that challenged her more to do more and thought her to be strong. A. Cultural Values| Manifestation of the Value| 1. Frugality (katipiran)| As a child, she saved money rather than buy new things; as an adult, did not immediately buy a car even though she can afford it. | 2. Risk taking (lakas ng loob)| She pursue her plan of having a business even though she knew that she don’t have any formal orientation in running a business. | 3. Amor Propio (utang na loob)| She never hesitates helping her staff especially those who have proven loyalty and commitment. 4. Harmonious labor management relations| She makes it to a point to compensate her people generously with profit sharing schemes and other benefits. | 5. Diligence (sipag)| At a young age, she already attributed this trait, she do the housemaid works and study at the same time. | 6. Endurance (pagkamtiisin)| She was already away with her family at an early age, for her to have a good educ ation. She never let this be a reason for not to achieve her goals, instead she makes this as her inspiration. | B. As a Filipino we were brought up by our parents to have a sense of adventure (pakikipagsapalaran) that is big help in venturing a business. Filipinos were not afraid of trying new things , we intend to be a risk taker. We usually put in our mind that God will help us in everything we do, that is a â€Å"bahala na† attitude. â€Å"Bahala na† attitude is not that bad because we do our part, but we just hope for the guidance and help of God. We Filipinos are well known of having a good relationship to people such as being family oriented and â€Å"pakikipagkapwa†. Filipinos are naturally have a close family ties. This trait is a good thing when you are in a business. Our family serves as our strength because we knew that they will be always be there to support us. They are the one who inspires us to do our best. Filipinos also exhibits the trait of being good to the people around us. This trait really plays a big role in how Filipino entrepreneur manages their people very well. Yes, the Filipino culture and values that were instill in us really help in building our entrepreneurial spirit.